Business Analysis- International Strategy and Competitive...

Introduction According to Iliev et al (2004, p. 133), Apple Inc. was selling its products exclusively in America, initially. Nowadays, Apple has expanded significantly beyond domestic market. Apple has so far succeeded to become a multinational organization, selling products and resourcing law materials globally. To minimize the impact of the existing rivalry in the PC industry at the global edge and to maintain competitive advantage, Apple applies non-competition strategies, (Yoffie, 2004). This section examines the strategies adopted Apple Inc to penetrate and to manage rivalry in the global market. Further, this part looks into the competitive advantages of Apple Inc, which enable it to maintain competitive edge In the PC industry†¦show more content†¦In fact, today, iTunes account for 70% for global market for digital music downloads, (Jones, 2011). The combination of product development and product proliferation strategies is beneficial to Apple since the perceived value of the products of Apple Inc. generated through innovation and superior design proves to be inimitable competency. Thus, as much as this advantage exists, Apple will continue to lead in the PC industry. However, the product proliferation strategy adopted by Apple Inc. a major shortcoming. According to Iliev et al (2004, p. 133), this tactic leads to high pressure for cost reduction and for local responsiveness. This makes this approach the most difficult to realize, but if a company succeeds, it can obtain a low cost structure and also considerable level of customer acceptance. According to Iliev et al (2004, p. 133), Apple applies this approach, but, it has not yet attained the optimal point. As a result, the majority of computer owners in the global market do not know much about Apple’s technology. For Apple to attain appropriately low cost situation, it has to come up with ways to persuade PC users in the global market from the very entry of their innovative and technological superiority. Competitive advantage Apple Inc faces great competition form other companies in the PC industry such as Dell, Compaq and Gateway. This forces Apple to come up with competitive strategies whichShow MoreRelatedMgt 498 Week 4 Competitive Advantages Paper990 Words   |  4 PagesCompetitive Advantages MGT 498 December 5, 2012 Professor Competitive Advantages This study will inform the audience, which competitive advantages Riordan has in common with Apple and Coca Cola. It will distinguish which competitive strategies Riordan may use to increase improvement and sustainability of organization procedures in the global market and the United States. The study will inform why certain types of competitiveRead MoreApple Inc. An International Brand1578 Words   |  7 PagesApple Inc. is an international brand that manufactures and distributes computer software, personal computers, cell phones, portable digital music players, consumer electronic products, media devices and mobile communication, and renders software services, networking solutions, peripherals, and digital applications and content. The brand embraces such popular products as the Macintosh series, the iPhone, iPod, Apple TV, and the iPad. The company holds powerful software resource consisting of theRead MoreInternational Market Screening And Target Market Selection2 093 Words   |  9 PagesThe expansion of business to foreign locations is a strategy that enhances additional growth and revenue. At the same time, the decision to move to the international market poses challenges for the management. The choice of an appropriate market requires extensive information research and proper data processing to ensure that the offered product satisfies consumer needs. Therefore, international market screening is a comprehensive and extensive process based on numerous theories of decision-makingRead MoreEnvironmental Scan Paper1148 Words   |  5 PagesHunger). SWOT analysis is the simplest way to conduct environmental scanning. The acronym SWOT stands for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats. These factors are important because before an organization can begin strategy formulation, it must scan the internal environment for strengths and weaknesses and their external environment to identify possible opportunities and threats (Wheelen Hunger ). In this paper I will describe the internal and external environments of Apple and Best BuyRead MorePorters Theory of National Competitive Advantage1717 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Porters theory of national competitive advantage expands on basic international trade theory, which posits that nations can leverage certain advantages that they inherit to create advantage for themselves on international markets. What Porter contends is that there are advanced factor endowments that nations can cultivate in order to give them competitive advantages in international trade. These advanced factor endowments are firm strategy, structure and rivalry; factor conditions;Read MoreEthical Sourcing And The Supply Chain1611 Words   |  7 Pagescountry. As firms are thrusted into the global marketplace and transformed into multinational corporations (MNCs), new challenges arise related to the differences/disparity in corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices between countries (Chan dler Werther Jr., 2014; Cruz, 2013). Globalization has increased companies need to consider the importance and strategic value of CSR (Chandler Werther Jr., 2014; Cruz, 2013). At the forefront of international CSR issues, is the consumer demand for ethicallyRead MoreCan Nokia Bounce Back?1632 Words   |  7 PagesCan Nokia Bounce Back? Section 1: Introduction This report will investigate the current business situation communications giant Nokia are facing due to their plummet in business stature. It will provide analysis through Porters Five Forces and Internal Analysis into how the former communications giant can recover. Section 2: Company Context Nokia is global company based in Espoo, Finland. It was divided into three main departments Nokia Technologies, Nokia Networks and until September 2013Read MoreStrategic Management Of Apple Inc. And Samsung Group2547 Words   |  11 PagesManagement of Apple Inc. and Samsung Group Analyze Apple and Samsung domestic and global environments, industry, internal capabilities, mission and vision. Apple and Samsung, actually, considered as pioneers in technological industry. Every company has chosen different business strategies and models within the marketplace. Apple releases few but highly anticipated high-end products while Samsung inundates the market with a wide variety of products. In the beginning, Apple was very carefulRead MoreStrategy of Mobile Phone Industry5915 Words   |  24 PagesThe strategy of the mobile phone industry: A comparative analysis of Apple, Sony, Xiaomi The strategy of the mobile phone industry - a comparative analysis of Apple, Sony, Xiaomi I Executive summary The paper sheds lights on the strategy of three mobile phone industry and that task is to perform comparative analysis on Apple, Sony and Xiaomi. The author has first started with the analysis of the macro-environment using strategic analytic tool called PESTLE. The author has usedRead MoreGlobal Economy And Economic Variables1246 Words   |  5 Pages 1 COURSE PROJECT MG631 – GLOBAL ECONOMY How Global Economy and Economic Variables are affecting Global Operations of Apple Corporation 2 Executive Summary The macroeconomic discussi ons that Apple s success tends to be very curious things. Here we have a company that s been phenomenally successful, making products people love s and directly creating nearly 50,000 American jobs in doing so, criticised for not locating its manufa cturing operations in America, eve n as Americans complain about the

Sex Cells Anatomy and Production

Anti Semitism By Philip Roth Essay - 1202 Words

Anti-Semitism Jewish Writers The experience of the Jewish family in the United States over the past century has been one of acculturation and accommodation to the norms and the values of America society. At the same time, Anti-Semitism in America reached its peak during the interwar period between 1940s and 1960s. At that time, the Jewish Anti-Semitism appeared as a phenomenon of the Depression and the 1940s. Almost all of the Jewish American writers simply presented realistic portrayals of their fellow immigrants or their parents’ generation. Later, some other Americans, partial to Anti-Semitism, found confirmation of negative stereotypes in the new Jewish American Literature. Indeed, some parent-hating or self-hating Jewish American writers of the second or the third generation, living now in the bounty of American affluence, consciously reinforced negative stereotypes with satire and a selective realism. Philip Roth, whose portrayal of the tensions between these figures borders on self-hatred and an a lmost Anti-Semitic view of the Jewish family in America, is a great example of these phenomenon. In his book, Portnoy’s Complaint, Roth touched on the assimilation experiences of American Jews, their relationship to Israeli Jews, and his experience as inherent in being the son of a Jewish family. As a second generation Jewish writer, he chose to show the stereotypes and discrimination that he faced through Alex Portnoy. Portnoy was raised by Jewish parents who were veryShow MoreRelatedA Short Note On Anti Semitic Jewish Writers1200 Words   |  5 PagesMena Soliman Prof. Stefan Karlsson Writing 39B 11 July 2015 Anti-Semitic Jewish Writers â€Å"The experience of the Jewish families in the United States over the last century has been one of acculturation and accommodation to the norms and the values of the American society.† (â€Å"Jewish American Family† 2). At the same time, Anti-Semitism in America reached its peak during the interwar period between the 1940s and 1960s. The self-hating Jew appeared as a phenomenon of the Depression and the 1940s. At thatRead MoreAnalysis Of Lauren Berlant And Roths The Plot Against America1007 Words   |  5 Pagesunderstand the country they feel as though they belong to, and how one comes to comprehend themselves in relation to their country. This leads to the acknowledgement of the separation of how one perceives their nation, versus how it actually functions. In Philip Roth’s The Plot Against America, the novel illustrates how the left-liberal comprehension of fascism has changed because of not only the Holocaust but also the social movements in the 1960s. A n integral part of this change has been, the ability ofRead MoreDefender Of The Faith By Philip Roth1257 Words   |  6 Pagesa complex, capably envisioned story depicting a contention of loyalties and portraying the trouble of being a better than average and impartial individual in a world assail with contradicting needs. In the short story â€Å"Defender of the faith† by Philip Roth, we are confronted with several different conflicts: man vs. himself, as Sergeant Marx is struggling to decide whether he should be a military man, or a Jewish man; man versus man, with Grossbart continually difficult power and osmosis into theRead MoreEssay Defender of the Faith Theme458 Words   |  2 Pagesjudgement and morality are also questioned in the conflict between the righteous Marx and the manipulative Grossbart. Essentially, the author, Philip Roth, is teaching us the good, honourable way of life. The theme with Jewishness has much to do with Nathan Marx, the â€Å"defender† mentioned in the title. He unknowingly fights the good war against anti-Semitism in the European theatre of war and comes back to train more soldiers against the Axis powers. In the process he cares for his Jewish traineesRead MoreSigmund Freud Essay1721 Words   |  7 Pagesused as an anesthetic for eye surgery, and Freud didn’t become famous (Vijayan). In 1885, Sigmund Freud entered the general hospital of Vienna as an unknown intern, specializing in neurology or nervous diseases such as hysteria, and other diseases (Roth). The job was perfect for Freud since there were very few doctors practicing this area of work thus it will have less competition and will be more of a shortcut to get married (Young). As Freud entered this field of work, he saw how mentally ill peopleRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesThe Age of Mass Migration: Causes and Economic Impact (New York: Oxford University Press, 1998). 23. For sources on numbers, see Adam McKeown, â€Å"Global Migration 1846–1919,† Journal of World History 15, no. 2 (2004): 188–189. More generally, see Philip Kuhn, Chinese among Others: Emigration in Modern Times (Lanham, MD: Rowman Littlefield, 2008); Adam McKeown, â€Å"Conceptualizing Chinese Diasporas, 1842 to 1949,† Journal of Asian Studies 58 (1999): 322–326, and â€Å"From Opium Farmer to Astronaut: A

Royal Proclamation Essay - 1514 Words

The Royal Proclamation of 1763 The Royal Proclamation of 1763 was issued by King George III after the gain of French territory resulting from the French and Indian war. The proclamation prohibited the settlement of the land beyond the appalachian mountains in order to maintain peace with Indians and to prevent further casualties. Although the proclamation was made with the intention of protection the colonists, the colonists viewed it as oppression. It angered the colonists who wished to expand into new farmlands, as they believed that they, â€Å"...purchased the land with their blood in the most recent war† (The American Pageant, 113). Feeling defiant, the colonists decided to resist the proclamation and still expanded west. Treaty of†¦show more content†¦French and Indian Wars (1688-1763) The French and Indian Wars is the American name for the series of wars that occurred in North America from 1688-1763. They included King Williams War, Queen Annes War, King Georges war, and the French and Indian War, also known as the 7 years war. A major motive to the wars was the control of North American territory and especially Hudson Bay, which was very important to the fur trade business. King Williams War (1688-1697) King William’s War was the first of the French and Indian Wars. The war was caused due to the treaties and agreements made at the end of King Phillip’s War not being followed. Another main component was control over the fur trade industry and supremacy of North America. King William’s War was ended by the Treaty of Ryswick in 1697. The treaty gave back north American territorial gains during the war back to the original holders. Queen Anne’s War / War of Spanish Succession Queen Annes War was the second of the French and Indian Wars and was fought between 1701 and 1714. The main reasons for the war included the rivalry between France and England in America, a problem that was not solved by the Treaty of Ryswick in 1697. Two months after Queen Anne rose to the British throne, the three allied powers declared war on France on May 1702. The Treaty of Utrecht ended the war and gave Britain fur trading posts in the Hudson Bay area, Newfoundland, and Nova Scotia. KingShow MoreRelatedThe Trade Industry During The Post Confederation Era867 Words   |  4 Pagesdespite the government’s ‘honourable’ intentions, the Indian Act promoted gender-based discrimination towards the women of Canada’s First Nations communities, resulting in a loss of status, status rights, and identity for generations of women. This essay will explore the notion of fiduciary duty, will provide an overview of the Indian Act and its key constituents, and will examine the negative impacts of the Indian Act on Canada’s First Nations women. Prior to Confederation, the Indians inhabitingRead Moreloyalist or patriot...1528 Words   |  7 PagesArgumentative Essay Loyalist or Patriot Background: Various events of the 1700s led colonists to develop strong beliefs regarding the British government. The Trial of Peter Zenger, The Proclamation of 1763, the Boston Massacre combined with constantly changing taxes and rules that governed them made many think that self-governance was the best path for the colonies. Others felt that the King and his appointed officials had their best interests in mind and preferred to stay loyal to the crown. LaterRead MoreEssay about European Expansion Moves to the New World1653 Words   |  7 Pagesare at odds with this general philosophy are threatened with aggressive assimilation tactics that in the end tend to further reinforce the dominance of the imperialist nation. From here, it became necessary to justify ones claim to land. In this essay I will describe the economic ideologies which prompted European expansion into North American, and then describe the specific ways that it has influenced indigenous peoples dispossession. The first step to marginalizing a group of people is toRead More‘the Absence of a Written Constitution ... Enables Constitutional Change to Be Brought About Within the United Kingdom with the Minimum of Constitutional Formality.’885 Words   |  4 PagesWorkshop 1: Preparatory Activities Activity 1 (essay plan re-done) ‘The absence of a written constitution ... enables constitutional change to be brought about within the United Kingdom with the minimum of constitutional formality.’ Consider the sources of the UK constitution and the methods by which it may be changed. Do you agree with Barnett’s views? The UK’s unwritten constitution, formed of Acts of Parliament [AoP], Royal Prerogative [RP], Constitutional Convention [CC] and CaseRead MoreQuebec: Distinct Society Essay1486 Words   |  6 Pageskicking around for some time, but just what does it mean and what are its broader implications? This paper will examine the origins of the term, what it means, and its historical context. It will then examine rival interpretations of federalism. The essay will conclude with an in-depth examination of the concepts involvement with the failed constitutional accords and the failed Quebec succession attempts. The term distinct society was a political notion used during constitutional debates duringRead MoreEssay The Evolution of the Word Freedom1296 Words   |  6 Pagesspeak, or think as one wants without hindrance or restraint. As time progresses and new ideas flourish the definition of freedom either flourishes along with society or takes a drastic spiral downward usually with the opinions of humanity. In this essay we will be looking at how the definition of freedom has been altered over its’ history. If we glance back to the first groups that came to America in 1620 we must first look at why they left their home in England. In 1532, King Henry VIII declaredRead MoreThe Rise Of The Transatlantic Slave Trade1712 Words   |  7 PagesSecond Exam / Essay 1 The rise of the Transatlantic Slave Trade started with the helpless souls of Africans. Many people of this time would classify slavery as a natural order, state, or fate. They believed that people were either born as a slave or would later become one because it was their predetermined destiny or fate. Later, world cultures regarded POW’s as a natural state. POW stands for Prisoners of War, and is defined as a person who is captured and held by an enemy during war, especiallyRead MoreThe Joseon Dynasty in Korea Essay1151 Words   |  5 Pagesnew modifications of government and illustrious art, yet continued to have a monarchy-style government. By 1399, King Taejong, the third king of the dynasty, had fortified his role as king. For one, he had issued a new proclamation, stating that all decisions made by the royal court must be finally approved by the king in order to be in effect. This solidified his rule and made him even more powerful, since the king must agree with any new changes. Second, he had exiled many of his supportersRead MoreQuebec s Five Demands A Reasonable Request?1616 Words   |  7 Pagesrecognizing Quebec as a distinct society is however reasonable and has been accommodated into Canadian society, and the ability to restrict federal spending power keeps the federal power in check. In this essay, I will discuss each demand, and argue whether or not it is reasonable. The Royal Proclamation of 1763 was Canada’s first attempt at creating a nation. Along with establishing the constitutional framework for Aboriginal Treaty negotiations, it additionally defined the new territory of the ProvinceRead MoreReasons For The Revolution Of The American Revolution2327 Words   |  10 Pagesafter varied successes in the colonies, the Parliament began to see the colonial spirit as a threat. British Parliament attempted to repress the colonies and break the bonds of the culture that the colonies were building. The passing of different proclamations and laws would be the biggest attempts at oppression Parliament would try. After the defeating the French in the Seven Years War, the colonies acquired land west of their settlements. The colonists were elated by the victory because it inevitably

Qualitative Research Idealist Ontology - 887 Words

Qualitative research aims to comprehend the meaning of human action and investigates phenomenon as it occurs in its natural context through subjective means of inquiry (Carter Little, 2001 Hoft, 2011). This paper sets out to identify four features of research as they apply to qualitative research: ontology, epistemology, methodology, and sampling, through the investigation of the article The health-care environment on a locked psychiatric ward: An ethnographic study (Johansson, Skarsater Danielson, 2006). Idealist ontology holds the belief that research knowledge is made up of subjective experiences obtained through observation that is consistently influenced by the researchers interpretations (Giacomini, 2010). Qualitative†¦show more content†¦Based on the previous theoretical foundations, methodology is chosen to guide the research process and justify methods (Giacomini, 2010; Carter Little, 2007). Ethnography is a common methodology in qualitative research and was uti lized by the researchers, with a participant observational approach, to become immersed in the culture of the locked psychiatric ward to seek an intimate interpretative understanding of the patients and staff within their environment (Giacomini, 2010). Ethnography has the ability to portray life inside the study experience, which allow researchers to discover what is significant from the viewpoints and actions of the participants and include the reader in this experience (Charmaz, 2004). The researchers in the study provide examples of field notes that were collected during observations which were analyzed into themes and sub-themes. The two main themes to have control and to be controlled are then further articulated in more detail through the viewpoints of both the patients and the staff to allow the reader to fully understand the lived experience. Lastly, all participants in qualitative research are selected to serve an investigative purpose rather than be considered a statistic al representation of a population (Carter Little,Show MoreRelatedThe Epistemology Of The Decision Making Process Of Burglars1629 Words   |  7 PagesThe aim of this essay is to attempt to identify the epistemology implicated in the research conducted by Emmeline Taylor about the decision making process of burglars. Essay begins with a concise definition of Criminology and a brief outline of ‘Rational Choice Theory’ which can be utilised to understand the decision making process of offenders and to provide a background for the notion of the rationality among burglars whilst acting criminal behaviour. Then it will continue with the explanation

Supply Chain of Domino’s Pizza and Toyota and five Evolving Themes

Question: Discuss about the Compare the Supply Chain of Dominos Pizza and Toyota and five Evolving Themes . Answer: Introduction Supply chain management is one of the integral parts of the organization. Supply chain management is responsible through which the product of the organization reaches to the market. It is important for the organization to ensure that the product has reached in the market on time at the required place in order to meet the demand (Li, 2013). This not helps the organization to builds its reputation but also build its brand loyalty among the targeted audience. To meet the demand with the supply, companys SCM should be efficient and effective. Supply chain management can only efficient if all the regarding the inventory is updated on daily basis. Updating the inventory helps in understanding the amount of stock of product should be kept as a backup. There exist fundamental differences in the supply chain of various organizations (Jonassen Land, 2012). These differences can exist due to different nature of the industry or due to different types of operations. For example, the supply chain of a dairy product would be different than the supply chain of a furniture company (Wisner Tan, 2015). The objective of this task is to discuss the analyse the supply chain of a fresh food supply chain against car manufacturing supply chain, both with global and national supply network. This task would discuss the supply chains of Dominos Pizza and Toyota (Kocaoglu Gulsun, 2013). Lets compare the supply chain of these two companies against the objectives of quality, time, cost and CO2 emissions. Analysis The comparison of the supply chain of Toyota and Dominos for different objectives or performance parameter can be discussed as: Quality Quality is very important performance objective. Toyota has implemented Six Sigma and known for its production strategy that delivers very high quality product. Toyota is also known for its high-quality cars worldwide. If the product quality is good, then it is quite evident that customer will prefer that good over other products (Loffi Wallace, 2015). On the other hand, if the product quality is not good, there will be a high complain rate among customer and at the same time organization will incur the high cost in providing after sales support. Dominos pizza focuses more on service quality rather than the product quality (Zsidisin, 2012). There are various quality management and improvement tools which are be used by Dominos to improve its quality standards and reduce the cost of poor quality. Dominos realizes that it operates in fast food sector where the goods are perishable. Therefore, it cannot let the service quality compromised (Robertson Taczak, 2012). Example: Toyota would source material from various suppliers. The quality of Toyota car would in turn depend on the quality of spare parts that it gets form its suppliers. Therefore, its concept of quality extends to its suppliers and partners. For Dominos, the quality definition is to provide the tasty Pizza to its customers (Carter Liane Easton, 2011). Time Reliability is another important factor and it shows if your customers can rely on the company to deliver the products on time or not. Usually, no customer likes to receive their shipment late (Distelhorst Hainmueller, 2016). Also in this age of Just-in Time supply chain, it is possible that if you supply products to your customer one day late, they will supply products to their customers few days late and thus impact become very large on the downstream supply chain processes (Friedman, 2010). The supply chain of Toyota uses time as a measurement when it has to procure the stuff from suppliers and vendors. The supply chain of Dominos considers time as a constraint when it has to deliver products to customers. Dominos has a SLA (service level agreement) to deliver pizza within 30 minutes. This in itself talks about the importance of time in its supply chain (Lengnick-Hall, 2013). Example: Toyota does not promise any time guarantee to end consumers. There are only internal time SLAs. However, time is an integral part of Dominos pizza as it cannot let end consumers wait for the pizza. Moreover, the goods are perishable in nature so the company has to get the delivery from its suppliers on time (Kim Davis, 2016). Cost Cost is also very important another performance objective. Any organization can provide goods to its customer at a competitive rate only if it is able to make them at a competitive rate. Both Toyota and Dominos are known for providing goods and services at very reasonable cost to their customers and thus known for their cost leadership. There are also various Japanese tools that will help the organization to reduce the wastage and non-value added activities and thereby decreasing the costs (Zaslavsky Perera, 2013). Example: The focus on the principles of Total Quality Management has enabled that Toyota can maintain the cost leadership position in different markets. The use of an integrated supply chain, coupled with IT systems has also helped Dominos Pizza to attain cost leadership position (Christopher Harrison, 2016). CO2 emissions One of the sustainable supply chain goal for both the companies is the reduction in CO2 emissions. Toyota is committed to use green supply chain as a measure to transform the goods from one place to another. Toyota has extended this objective further wherein it is committed that its products would also comply with the CO2 emissions norms (Stadtler, 2015). Dominos Pizza has an integrated platform where it works along with its stakeholders like customers and employees to establish and maintain the green supply chain (Sarker Engwall, 2014). Example: Toyota has an annual objective where it is committed to reduce the carbon emissions by 3% annually at a global level. In past, Dominos has done various road shows to educate consumers about the use of Green methods. A simple example, is that use of LED lights instead of LCD lights that Dominos uses across its stores (O'leary, 2011). five Evolving Themes Supply chain is defined as the flow of goods or services which can help the organization to builds it brand image in customers mindset (Surie Reuter, 2015). Supply chain Management helps the organization in several ways such as building their image, create the brand loyalty and meet the demands of the customers. If the supply chain of an organization is efficient, it gives and edge to the organization to stand strong among the competitors (Prajogo Olhager, 2012). This report explains about the supply chain and its importance and contemporary issues and strategies in global logistics and supply chain management. Analysis The five themes for the conference can be discussed as: Theme 1: Focus on agility and agile supply chain and logistics solution In this age of disruptive technologies where product lifecycle has comedown drastically, it is best to maintain the low levels of inventory so that obsolescence cost would be less (Qrunfleh Tarafdar, 2015). Now, if organization is maintaining very less amount of inventory, then it has to be very fast in its supply chain in order to fulfill the customer order otherwise there will be stock out everywhere (Fawcett Ellram, 2014). Think of a situation where mobile phone Lead time is 3 months and its product life cycle is of also merely of 4,5 months. In such cases, there will be huge wastage on inventory in transit due to high lead time. And thus, agility/speed is one of the most important factors in devising the operation strategy of the organization (Butner, 2010). Theme 2: Focus on flexible logistics solution Flexibility refers to responding to change in demand levels. For the organizations operating in global environment, flexibility is the key as different nations may have different sub-set of supply chain. For example, Dell uses postponement strategy to provide customer requirements and forecasts common subassemblies and common parts and thus able to respond well to change in demand (Razmerita Kirchner, 2014). Theme 3: Align competitive advantage with supply chain management There are various ways by which organization has competitive advantage. For instance, Southwest Airlines compete based on the cost leadership as it provides the best cost to its customers. Similarly, Nike is known for its high-quality athletes shoes and thus known for differentiation (Roh Hong, 2014). Dell is known for its Agility and ability to respond to change in sales very well. For example, Ryanair is Europes largest low cost airline. It able to support low costs because it uses identical and standard parts from a single supplier which means higher ability to negotiate, it uses secondary airports where service charge is less, turnaround time at airport is very low, no time wastage in cleaning the airport after every ride, no time for loading the meals. It is probably the best example of aligning and integrating the competitive advantage of low cost with the supply chain (Martin, 2013). Theme 4: Use of Information Technology to manage large supply chains The use of Information Technology helps organizations to optimize its supply chain. For example, UPS has invested heavily in Information technology, aircraft and facilities to develop capabilities of delivering at any location on the world and that too on reasonable cost. It also emphasizes on being low cost provider (Sridharan Simatupang, 2013). The latest Information technology trends is the use of QR codes, RFID, etc. Focus on technological innovation by tracking of goods through RFID chips, buying its own fleet of planes rather to buy space in commercial flights that was expensive, total quality management and customer satisfaction (Sarac Absi, 2010). Information Technology can also be used by the organizations in service sector to manage the supply chain. For example, supply chain of Qantas Airways. Not only this, Information technology also helps to update customers about the flight schedules, send reminders to them about their flights and helps in providing better services. Finally, when your competitor is making use of IT and eating your market share, it becomes necessary to use technology for survival (Zahle, 2012). Theme 5: Focus on integrated supply chain The time has come when different organizations can share the supply chain. Supply Chain Strategy plays the crucial role in Business organization today (Schonsleben, 2016). The details such as the market coverage, availability of the product at the location and ensure that the supply meets the demand depends on the effective supply chain management strategy. The organizations in APAC region can work towards an integrated supply chain. For example, Pizza Hut and Dominos can work together to get the material from Australia to be delivered in India. It would ensure that the wastage is limited and the organizations are also able to achieve their goals of sustainable supply chain with minimal CO2 emissions (Mentzer DeWitt, 2011). Conclusion The above tasks compare and contrast the supply chain of Toyota and Dominos. Both the players are global player and their supply chain spread across various nations. Some things are common across their supply chains like focus on CO2 emissions. (Leuschner Rogers, 2013) For the objective of time, Dominos has more stringent measures as compared to Toyota. With the above discussion, it can be said that the objectives or the performance indicators could be refined further with the focus on Information Technology. The above five themes are individual topic of discussion in itself. It is critical that organizations should deeply analyze these themes before making any decisions around these themes. With the above discussion, it can be said that organizations must realize the importance of Information Technology in supply chain management. The use of IT would ensure that various objectives of cost, quality, time, etc. could be meet. References Butner, K. (2010). The smarter supply chain of the future.Strategy Leadership,38(1), 22-31. Carter, C. R., Liane Easton, P. (2011). Sustainable supply chain management: evolution and future directions.International journal of physical distribution logistics management,41(1), 46-62. 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Relative Merits Of Loan Capital Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: What Are The Relative Merits Of Loan Capital Over Share Capital? Answer: The influence to borrow is of immense magnitude to the company, and business borrowingbenefit from some unique individuality. Loan capital and share capital are two types of borrowing currency for a corporation. Kinds of borrowing by credit funds are debentures, credit of corporate assets and belongings, unsecured loans, overdrafts and bills of exchange. The share capital characterizes how much the business is valued (Cummings and Durrani 2016). Share capital is that division of the companys assets that is made obtainable by the members who have subscribed for carve up in the company, which in fact is usually worth less than the companys total property and should be distinguished from loan capital. An example can facilitate the problem or the topic to show how loan capital is headed the share capital. In this case, Black Books plc is bearing in mind methods of raising or protecting loan capital. There are certain advantages for raising loan capital rather than share capital. First, loan capital permits them to maintain the tenure of their assets and at the same time assists them in reaching monetary help as well they own so the land, which is mortgage (Rsch and Scheule 2016). Loan capital unlike share capital, does not split ownership so Black Books plc has the entire ownership. The debenture holder is very muchmore of an outcast. In addition, there is no necessary for anyone to vend or leave his property in order to dump some money. An important point is that interest payments on the mortgage are free from taxes. Repayments should be predefined and should allow them to plan their financial plan. Moreover, lender will check the presentation of commerce but will have no control over the business. In addition, once loan resources are repaid, it will benefit to earn profit. On the other hand, investor will still anticipate a share of income. Lastly, debenture holder has to disc harge the possession once loan repaid (Chen and Zhang 2017). On the other hand, there some disadvantages of raising loan capital. Firstly, repayments have to be made separately from of making earnings or not. On the other hand, shareholder will not obtain dividends until commerce makes a profit. Interest to be paid, will influence profit. In addition, the corporation will not be able to sell the land to third party until loan is repaid. The risk of them ending up or losing their assets increases significantly. Finally, catalog security charge. An issue of debenture document which implies to recognize a credit bargain between a company and a creditor. A debenture holder is entitled to obtain recompense of the sums due to him, whether they are major or interest; the set holder irrespective of whether or not the debtor company is in profit (Podder and Haque 2016). When a company wishes to hoist finance, especially long-term finance, it will almost unsurprisingly be obliged to give safety for the amount it wishes to borrow. An action by a secured creditor to understand a security attention will normally be impracticable until the debtor company fall short to meet its compulsions under the terms of the debenture agreement. Nonetheless, where a business borrows capital by way of an overdraft provision, the overdraft may be expressed to be repayable on requirements. Reference: Chen, Z. and Zhang, R.Q., 2017. Capital flow constrained lot sizing problem with loss of goodwill and loan.arXiv preprint arXiv:1708.08098. Cummings, J.R. and Durrani, K.J., 2016. Effect of the Basel Accord capital requirements on the loan-loss provisioning practices of Australian banks.Journal of Banking Finance,67, pp.23-36. Podder, J. and Haque, T.H., 2016. The Impact of Capital Buffers on Future Loan Growth, Interest Income and Tier 1 Capital Ratios. Rsch, D. and Scheule, H., 2016. The role of loan portfolio losses and bank capital for Asian financial system resilience.Pacific-Basin Finance Journal,40, pp.289-305.